The Chinese culture always add Tao at the end of each art, such as 茶道 Cha (tea) Tao, 醫道 Yi (TCM) Tao, 花道 Hua (flower) Tao, 武道 Wu (martial art) Tao. So what is Tao? Why these arts are consider Tao? What is Tao?
易經：形而上者謂之道, 形而下者謂之器
Yi Jing: The metaphysics is called Tao, the physics is called instrument.
The above concept can be used to described the two different stages of learning. The first stage is at the knowledge level (器 instrument), we memorize the definitions, specifications, and forms. At this level, we just understand and remember the knowledge. Sometime we may be able to apply the knowledge into actions. But those actions may not meet all the rules or principles. At the second stage of learning, we have to put all the pieces of information and knowledge together and integrate into our daily life (道 Tao). At this stage, the knowledge we gained has been integrated into our Shen （悟道）. All the actions we take will be effective and efficient, but not violate any principles or rules (從心所欲不逾矩）. Now we can say we are enlightened.
老子，道德經：道可道，非常道。名可名，非常名。
Lao Zi, Tao De Jing: Tao can not be fully described by language or words.
During the TJQ practice, the master can describe his/her own feeling or internal status. However, you have to be able to figure out by yourself. During the learning process, you will add a lot of extra stuff that you think is right. However, those things you added might be the obstacles for the further learning. When you enlighten and look back, you will realize the principle is so easy and simple. Your action after enlightening will feel smooth and effortless.
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